ESWIN Computing Passes HKEX Listing Hearing — the Path to the First Publicly Listed RISC-V Chip Company
On September 21, 2026, Beijing ESWIN Computing Technology Co., Ltd. (奕斯伟计算) passed the listing hearing of the Main Board of The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (HKEX). If the offering completes, the company is positioned to become the first publicly listed chip company whose product line is built on the RISC-V architecture as its base computing ISA — a milestone the Chinese trade press is already calling the “RISC-V first stock” (RISC-V第一股). For an ecosystem that has spent years being asked “who has actually shipped, and at what margins,” a prospectus-grade financial disclosure from a pure-play RISC-V vendor is itself an ecosystem event, independent of how the stock trades.
The Company at a Glance
| Item | Detail (per prospectus coverage) |
|---|---|
| Company | Beijing ESWIN Computing Technology Co., Ltd. (北京奕斯伟计算技术股份有限公司) |
| Founded | 2019, by Wang Dongsheng (王东升) — the founder and long-time chairman of BOE, who left BOE in 2019 and moved into semiconductors |
| Model | Fabless. RISC-V as the base computing architecture |
| Target scenarios | Smart terminals and embodied intelligence |
| Product lines | Human–machine interaction (HMI) and multimedia-processing chips; interconnect and compute chips; chipsets / boards; related software services |
| Market position | By 2025 revenue: China's largest domestic smart-terminal HMI chip provider; China's #3 domestic RISC-V main-control chip provider |
The HMI business — display-adjacent interaction and multimedia processing for TVs, monitors, commercial displays and smart-home terminals — is the cash-flow base, a natural adjacency for a team led by BOE's founder. The interconnect and compute line is the growth story, and it is where the RISC-V strategy concentrates.
Financial Trajectory: Growth With an Unresolved Margin Question
| Metric | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | Q1 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥1.752B | ¥2.025B | ¥2.431B | ¥494M (+18.4% YoY) |
| Top-5 customer concentration | 90.7% | 88.5% | 89.5% | 83.1% |
Three-year revenue CAGR is roughly 17.8%, accelerating to +18.4% YoY in Q1 2026. The losses are the other side of the prospectus: cumulative net losses of about ¥4.9 billion across 2023–2025, typical for a fabless company running heavy R&D across multiple product lines. Gross margin was 18.6% in 2025, dipping to 14.8% in Q1 2026 — a number the market will watch closely, because it suggests the ramp of the compute business is currently being bought with pricing, not yet earned with scale.
The Inflection: Compute Products Go From rounding error to 45% of Revenue
The single most consequential number in the coverage is the revenue mix shift inside the “interconnect and compute” line:
| Period | Compute-product revenue | Share of revenue |
|---|---|---|
| FY 2023 | ¥375K (37.5万元) | ~0.2% — effectively zero |
| FY 2025 | ¥320M (3.20亿元) | ~13% |
| Q1 2026 | ¥223M (2.23亿元) | ~45% |
A line item going from ¥375K to ¥223M per quarter in three years is not incremental growth; it is a new company bolted onto the old one. The coverage attributes the demand to applications extending into automotive, robotics, and industrial control — higher-value sockets than the traditional HMI base, and exactly the segments (embodied intelligence, edge compute) where RISC-V's customization and per-watt economics are the selling points.
The Market It Sells Into
The prospectus (via Frost & Sullivan, as quoted in the coverage) sizes the Chinese RISC-V main-control chip market as follows:
| Year | China RISC-V main-control chip market |
|---|---|
| 2021 | ¥1.1B |
| 2025 | ¥37.7B (CAGR 139.5% from 2021) |
| 2030E | ¥219.4B |
Two caveats belong next to that table. First, a 139.5% five-year CAGR is a vendor-side market definition (“main-control” chips) — treat the absolute size as directional, not gospel. Second, ESWIN's own #3 position in that market by 2025 revenue tells you the market is growing faster than any single vendor's ability to absorb it — consistent with what we see across the ecosystem, from Ruixin Gaoguang's D35 dataflow chip to EVAS's supernode financing.
Scale Metrics as of March 31, 2026
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Products commercialized | 150+ hardware–software co-designed products |
| Customers | 220+ worldwide, including multiple top-tier global technology companies |
| IP modules | 620+ |
| RISC-V core families | 20+ serialized RISC-V core series, self-developed |
| Patent applications | 1,740+ cumulative |
The 20+ self-developed RISC-V core series figure is the technically meaningful one: it implies a house CPU-core portfolio spanning performance classes (the way larger IP vendors operate), rather than licensing third-party cores and wrapping them in SoCs. That is expensive to build and slow to pay back — which is exactly what the ¥4.9B cumulative loss represents.
The IPO Mechanics
- Hearing passed: September 21, 2026, HKEX Main Board.
- Pre-IPO funding: approximately ¥9.0 billion raised cumulatively before the listing.
- Shareholders include: ESWIN Group, an employee share platform, IDG Capital, Legend Capital (君联资本), the State IC Industry Investment Fund Phase II (国家集成电路产业投资基金二期), the China Internet Investment Fund (中国互联网投资基金), and Beijing Xindongli (芯动能) — a mix of industrial capital, financial investors, and national-level funds.
- CSRC filing: overseas issuance filing obtained in June 2026; the company proposes to issue up to approximately 2.465 billion shares of overseas-listed ordinary shares, with full circulation of domestic unlisted shares to follow.
The Risk Register the Market Will Price
ESM China's analysis lays out three near-term challenges, which we reproduce without embellishment:
| Risk | The numbers | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Persistent losses | ~¥4.9B cumulative net loss 2023–2025; GM 18.6% → 14.8% | Scale effects not yet realized; compute ramp is margin-dilutive so far |
| Customer concentration | Top-5 customers at 90.7% / 88.5% / 89.5% / 83.1% of revenue (2023 → Q1 2026) | Loss of one anchor customer would be a material event; the trend is at least improving |
| Supply-chain dependence | External foundry and OSAT reliance | Capacity and geopolitical exposure common to all fabless vendors, RISC-V or not |
What It Means for the RISC-V Ecosystem
Strip away the IPO-carnival framing and three durable facts remain. First, a pure-play RISC-V company crossing the HKEX hearing stage forces quarterly, audited public disclosure of what a RISC-V product line actually earns — gross margin, customer concentration, R&D burn — data the ecosystem has historically had to infer from trade-show claims. Second, it creates a capital-markets benchmark: Nuclei's IPO filing (Sep 12) and ESWIN's hearing (Sep 21) together give RISC-V startups a valuation ladder to climb, and give late-stage investors an exit route that does not require acquisition by a large SoC vendor. Third, the compute-mix inflection (0.2% → 45% of revenue in three years) is the clearest commercial confirmation yet that RISC-V's growth is coming from new compute sockets — edge AI, robotics, automotive — and not from displacing incumbent HMI/consumer silicon, where ESWIN already holds a #1 domestic position with its existing (also RISC-V-based) portfolio.
Related coverage on this site: our annotation of ESWIN's EIC7700 RISC-V SoC (including the 13.3 vs 19.95 TOPS spec discrepancy), Nuclei Technology's IPO filing for the other RISC-V capital-markets data point, Ruixin Gaoguang D35 for the physical-AI chip wave, and the 2025 CPU IP market/royalty analysis for where RISC-V sits in the broader IP economy.
2026 年 9 月 21 日,北京奕斯伟计算技术股份有限公司通过香港联合交易所主板上市聆讯。若发行顺利完成,它有望成为全球范围内首家以 RISC-V 为基础计算架构的产品线登陆资本市场的芯片公司——中文媒体已将其称为“RISC-V 第一股”。对一个长期被追问“到底量产了多少、毛利几何”的生态来说,一份纯 RISC-V 厂商的招股书级财务披露本身就是生态事件,与股价怎么走无关。
公司速览
| 条目 | 内容(据招股书报道口径) |
|---|---|
| 公司 | 北京奕斯伟计算技术股份有限公司 |
| 成立 | 2019 年,创始人王东升——京东方创始人及长期董事长,2019 年卸任后转向半导体 |
| 模式 | Fabless,以 RISC-V 为基础计算架构 |
| 目标场景 | 智能终端与具身智能 |
| 产品线 | 人机交互及多媒体处理芯片;互连及计算芯片;芯片组/板卡;相关软件服务 |
| 行业位置 | 按 2025 年营收计:中国最大国产智能终端人机交互芯片提供商;中国第三大国产 RISC-V 主控芯片产品提供商 |
人机交互业务(显示相关交互与多媒体处理,面向电视、显示器、商显、智能家居终端)是现金流基本盘——对京东方创始人带的团队来说是顺理成章的相邻领域。互连及计算产品线是增长故事,也是 RISC-V 战略集中落地的地方。
财务轨迹:增长与未解的毛利问题并存
| 指标 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 Q1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 营收 | 17.52 亿元 | 20.25 亿元 | 24.31 亿元 | 4.94 亿元(同比 +18.4%) |
| 前五大客户占比 | 90.7% | 88.5% | 89.5% | 83.1% |
三年营收复合增速约 17.8%,2026 年一季度加速至同比 +18.4%。硬币的另一面是亏损:2023–2025 累计净亏损约 49 亿元,是典型的多产品线高研发投入 Fabless 曲线。毛利率 2025 年为 18.6%,2026 年一季度回落至 14.8%——这是资本市场最该盯的数字,它说明计算产品的放量目前是用价格换的,还不是用规模挣的。
拐点:计算产品从零头到 45% 营收
报道中最关键的数字是“互连及计算”产品线内部的营收结构变化:
| 期间 | 计算产品收入 | 占总营收 |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 全年 | 37.5 万元 | 约 0.2%——几乎为零 |
| 2025 全年 | 3.20 亿元 | 约 13% |
| 2026 Q1 | 2.23 亿元 | 约 45% |
一个产品线三年内从 37.5 万元做到单季 2.23 亿元,不是渐进式增长,而是在老公司身上装了一家新公司。报道将其归因于应用场景向汽车、机器人、工业控制延伸——比传统人机交互基本盘更高价值的插座,也正是具身智能、边缘计算这些 RISC-V 以定制化与每瓦经济性为卖点的细分市场。
它所处的市场
招股书(经弗若斯特沙利文,媒体报道转引)对中国 RISC-V 主控芯片市场的测算:
| 年份 | 中国 RISC-V 主控芯片市场规模 |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 11 亿元 |
| 2025 | 377 亿元(自 2021 年 CAGR 139.5%) |
| 2030E | 2194 亿元 |
两个必要的注脚:第一,139.5% 的五年 CAGR 建立在“主控芯片”这一厂商口径的市场定义上,绝对规模当作方向性参考即可;第二,奕斯伟自己在这个市场只排第三,说明市场增速快于任何单一厂商的消化能力——这与本站观察到的整个生态一致,从睿昕高光 D35 数据流芯片到奕行智能的超节点融资都是同一个故事。
规模指标(截至 2026 年 3 月 31 日)
| 指标 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 商业化产品 | 150+ 款软硬件协同产品 |
| 客户 | 全球 220 余家,含多家全球顶尖科技企业 |
| IP 模块 | 620 余个 |
| RISC-V 内核 | 20 余个系列化自研 RISC-V 内核 |
| 专利申请 | 累计超 1740 项 |
20 余个系列化自研 RISC-V 内核是技术上最有含金量的数字:它意味着自建跨性能等级的 CPU 核产品组合(如同大型 IP 厂商的运作方式),而不是外购第三方内核做 SoC 包装。这既烧钱又回报慢——49 亿元累计亏损正是这件事的代价。
上市机制
- 聆讯通过:2026 年 9 月 21 日,港交所主板。
- 上市前融资:累计约 90 亿元。
- 股东包括:奕斯伟集团、员工持股平台、IDG 资本、君联资本、国家集成电路产业投资基金二期、中国互联网投资基金、北京芯动能——产业资本、财务投资者与国家级基金的组合。
- 证监会备案:2026 年 6 月取得境外发行上市备案,拟发行不超过约 24.65 亿股境外上市普通股,并推进境内未上市股份“全流通”。
市场将要定价的风险清单
| 风险 | 数字 | 为何重要 |
|---|---|---|
| 持续亏损 | 2023–2025 累计净亏约 49 亿元;毛利率 18.6% → 14.8% | 规模效应尚未兑现;计算产品放量目前摊薄毛利 |
| 客户集中 | 前五大客户 90.7% / 88.5% / 89.5% / 83.1%(2023 → 2026 Q1) | 丢失一家锚定客户即是重大事件;好在趋势在改善 |
| 供应链依赖 | 依赖外部晶圆代工与封测 | 所有 Fabless 厂商共有的产能与地缘风险,与是否 RISC-V 无关 |
对 RISC-V 生态意味着什么
剥掉 IPO 狂欢的包装,剩下三个 durable 的事实。第一,一家纯 RISC-V 公司走完港交所聆讯,意味着季度化、经审计的公开披露:一条 RISC-V 产品线到底挣多少钱——毛利率、客户集中度、研发消耗——这些数据过去只能靠展会口径反推。第二,它建立了资本市场基准:芯来科技 IPO 申报(9 月 12 日)与奕斯伟聆讯(9 月 21 日)一起,给 RISC-V 初创公司提供了可攀爬的估值阶梯,也给后期投资者提供了不必被大厂收购的退出通道。第三,营收结构拐点(三年内 0.2% → 45%)是目前最清晰的商业证据:RISC-V 的增长来自新增的计算插座——边缘 AI、机器人、汽车——而不是替换存量人机交互/消费芯片,后者奕斯伟用现有(同样基于 RISC-V)产品组合已经做到国内第一。
本站相关报道:ESWIN EIC7700 RISC-V SoC 注解(含 13.3 vs 19.95 TOPS 规格出入)、芯来科技 IPO 申报(另一个 RISC-V 资本市场数据点)、睿昕高光 D35(物理 AI 芯片浪潮)、2025 CPU IP 市场与版税结构分析。
Краткое содержание (RU)
21 сентября 2026 года компания ESWIN Computing (《И-сы-вей суань》) прошла слушание по листингу на главном борде HKEX. Если размещение состоится, это будет первая публичная компания, чьи чипы строятся на архитектуре RISC-V («первая акция RISC-V» по китайских СИИ). Ключевые цифры из проспекта: выручка 1,752 млрд юаней (2023) → 2,025 млрд (2024) → 2,431 млрд (2025), в Q1 2026 — 494 млн (+18,4% г/г); кумулятивный уток 2023–2025 — ~4,9 млрд юаней; выручка вычислительных продуктов росла с 375 тыс. юаней (2023) до 45% квартальной выручки (Q1 2026). 150+ продуктов, 220+ клиентов, 620+ IP-модулей, 20+ серийных собственных ядер RISC-V, 1740+ заявок на патенты. Основатель — Э Дун-шен, создатель BOE. Риски: концентрация клиентов 83–91%, убытки, зависимость от найдме. Рынок RISC-V-чипов Китая (Frost & Sullivan): 1,1 млрд юаней (2021) → 37,7 млрд (2025) → 219,4 млрд юаней (2030 прогноз).
Resumen (ES)
El 21 de septiembre de 2026, ESWIN Computing (奕斯伟计算) superó la audiencia de cotización en el Mercado Principal de HKEX. Si la oferta se completa, se convertirá en la primera empresa de chips cotizada cuyos productos se basan en la arquitectura RISC-V («primera acción RISC-V» según la prensa china). Cifras clave del prospecto: ingresos de 1.752 millones de yuanes (2023) → 2.025 M (2024) → 2.431 M (2025); Q1 2026: 494 M (+18,4% interanual); pérdidas netas acumuladas 2023–2025 de ~4.900 M de yuanes; los productos de cómputo pasaron de 375.000 yuanes (2023) al 45% de los ingresos trimestrales (Q1 2026). Más de 150 productos, 220+ clientes, 620+ módulos de IP, más de 20 familias de núcleos RISC-V propios y 1.740+ solicitudes de patente. Fundada en 2019 por Wang Dongsheng, fundador de BOE. Riesgos: concentración de clientes (83–91%), pérdidas continuadas y dependencia de foundries externas. Mercado chino de chips RISC-V (Frost & Sullivan): 1.100 M (2021) → 37.700 M (2025) → 219.400 M de yuanes (proyección 2030).
Résumé (FR)
Le 21 septembre 2026, ESWIN Computing (奕斯伟计算) a franchi l'audition d'introduction à la Bourse de Hong Kong (HKEX, Main Board). Si l'opération aboutit, elle deviendra la première société cotisante de puces dont les produits reposent sur l'architecture RISC-V — la « première action RISC-V » selon la presse chinoise. Chiffres clés du prospectus : chiffre d'affaires de 1,752 Md ¥ (2023) → 2,025 Md (2024) → 2,431 Md (2025) ; T1 2026 : 494 M ¥ (+18,4 % sur un an) ; pertes nettes cumulées 2023–2025 d'environ 4,9 Md ¥ ; les produits de calcul sont passés de 375 000 ¥ (2023) à 45 % du CA trimestriel (T1 2026). Plus de 150 produits, 220+ clients, 620+ blocs IP, 20+ familles de cœurs RISC-V développés en interne, 1 740+ demandes de brevets. Fondée en 2019 par Wang Dongsheng, fondateur de BOE. Risques : concentration client (83–91 %), pertes persistantes, dépendance aux fondeurs externes. Marché chinois des puces RISC-V (Frost & Sullivan) : 1,1 Md ¥ (2021) → 37,7 Md (2025) → 219,4 Md ¥ (prévision 2030).
Kurzfassung (DE)
Am 21. September 2026 hat ESWIN Computing (奕斯伟计算) das Listing-Hearing am HKEX Main Board bestanden. Bei erfolgreichem Emitentenabschluss wäre es das erste börsennotierte Chipunternehmen, dessen Produkte auf der RISC-V-Architektur basieren («erste RISC-V-Aktie» laut chinesischer Presse). Kernzahlen aus dem Prospekt: Umsatz 1,752 Mrd. ¥ (2023) → 2,025 Mrd. (2024) → 2,431 Mrd. (2025); Q1 2026: 494 Mio. ¥ (+18,4 % YoY); kumulierter Nettoverlust 2023–2025 von rund 4,9 Mrd. ¥; die Rechenprodukte wuchsen von 375.000 ¥ (2023) auf 45 % des Quartalsumsatzes (Q1 2026). Über 150 Produkte, 220+ Kunden, 620+ IP-Module, 20+ eigene RISC-V-Kernfamilien, 1.740+ Patentanmeldungen. Gegründet 2019 von Wang Dongsheng, dem Gründer von BOE. Risiken: Kundenkonzentration (83–91 %), anhaltende Verluste, Abhängigkeit von externen Foundries. Chinesischer RISC-V-Chipmarkt (Frost & Sullivan): 1,1 Mrd. ¥ (2021) → 37,7 Mrd. (2025) → 219,4 Mrd. ¥ (Prognose 2030).
خلاصه (FA)
در ۲۱ سپتامبر ۲۰۲۶، شرکت ESWIN Computing (ای-سوین کامپیوتینگ) استعلام پذیرش در بورد اصلی HKEX را پس داد. اگر انتشار سهام کامل شود، این اولین شرکت رقابتی خواهد بود که محصولات آن بر پایه معماری RISC-V بنا شده است («اولین سهام RISC-V» بر اساس ردولال رسانههای چین). اعداد کلیدی از اسناد انتشار: درآمد 1·۷۵۲ میلیارد یوان (2023) → ۲·۰۲۵ میلیارد (2024) → ۲·۴۳۱ میلیارد (2025)ؠ سه ماه اول ۲۰۲۶: ۴۹۴ میلیون یوان (+۱۸٩۴٪ سالانه)ؠ زیان خالص ترکمی ۲۰۲۳–۲۰۲۵ حدود ۴٩۹ میلیارد یوان. درآمد محصولات مرکبی از ۳۷۵ هزار یوان (2023) به ۴۵٪ درآمد فصلی (Q1 2026) رسید. بیش از ۱۳۰ محصولؠ ۲۲۰+ مشتریؠ ۶۲۰+ ماژول IPؠ ۲۰+ خانواده هسته RISC-V داخلی و ۱۷۴۰+ تقاضای اختراع. آورینده: وانگ دونگ-شکنگؠ بنیانگذار BOEؠ ۲۰۱۹. ریسکها: تمرکز مشتری (۸۳–۹۱٪)ؠ زیان مستمر و وابستگی به فابریک های دیگر. بازار ریسکوی-V چین (Frost & Sullivan): ۱٩۱ میلیارد یوان (2021) → ۳۷٩۷ میلیارد (2025) → ۲۱۹٩۴ میلیارد یوان (پیشبینی ۲۰۳۰).
Sources / 参考来源
- ESM China (国际电子商情) — 奕斯伟计算通过港交所聆讯,“RISC-V第一股”要来了 (2026-09-22) — primary source for all financial figures, risk metrics, and IPO mechanics
- 半导体产业纵横 via 163.com — 王东升又干出一个 IPO,RISC-V“第一股”要来了 (2026-09-22) — corroborating coverage with Frost & Sullivan market data
- China Electronics News (中国电子报) op-ed by ESWIN Computing — 以“RISC-V+AI”为底座,筑牢AI时代算力根基 (2026-09-22) — company's own statement on the 十五五 plan and its RISC-V+AI strategy
- Nuclei Tech (芯来科技) Files for IPO — our 2026-09-12 article (the other RISC-V capital-markets data point)
- ESWIN EIC7700 Was the Hardware Behind the HICOOL 2026 RISC-V + AI Challenge — our ESWIN silicon coverage (EIC7700 specs and the TOPS discrepancy)
- Ruixin Gaoguang D35: RISC-V Dataflow Physical-AI Chip — our 2026-09-21 article (the physical-AI silicon wave ESWIN's compute line competes alongside)